Every box is composed of four areas defined by their respective edges: the content edge, padding edge, border edge, and margin edge. The content area, defined by the content edge, represents the value of the specified HTML element. Surrounding the content area is the padding area, defined by the padding edge. The size of the padding area is set using the CSS shorthand padding property or its sub-properties: padding-top , padding-right , padding-bottom , and padding-left.
The margin area, defined by the margin edge is an invisible area around the border area that separates an element from other elements around it. The size of the margin area is determined by the CSS shorthand margin property and its sub-properties: margin-top , margin-right , margin-bottom , and margin-left.
These four areas have respective CSS properties that define or control them:. Despite the ability of these properties to define the four areas of the CSS box model, the impact of the margin and padding properties almost seem invisible.
But, when adding a margin or padding property to an element, the best you can see is space. To help you have a better understanding of the margin and padding properties, this section will cover what they are, how to use them, their differences, and when to use padding vs.
Remember that every HTML element on a webpage is a box. On top of that, all the HTML elements have four sides: top, right, bottom, and left. Because the margin surrounds all four sides of the box top, right, bottom, left it gives us the ability to target and change the size of the margin area for each or all sides of the box:. You can increase or reduce the size of the margin area independently at the top, bottom, left, and right sides using these sub-properties:.
You can also increase or reduce the size of all margin area sides at once using the shorthand margin property. In the demo below, a margin of 50 pixels margin: 50px; was added to the circle to create a space between it and the text:.
See the Pen Margin 1 Margin vs. Padding tutorial by Didicodes edyasikpo on CodePen. Connect your favorite apps to HubSpot.
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Put another way, the margin property controls the space outside an element, and the padding property controls the space inside an element. Consider the element illustrated below, which has a margin of 10 pixels:.
If we put multiple of these elements together, we see how margins create whitespace between them, giving them room to breathe:. On the other hand, padding is located inside the border of an element. The element below has padding of 10px on the left and right sides, and padding of 15px on the top and bottom sides:.
By default, the size of the element increases. If you want to create the gap by shrinking the content, set the box-sizing property to border-box i. CSS margins can move an element up or down on the page, as well as left or right.
If the width of your page is fixed, centering an element horizontally is simple: Just assign the value margin: auto. Padding - margin: auto by Christina Perricone hubspot on CodePen. Margins determine the amount of space between adjacent elements, or whitespace. For example, if you want 40px between the elements at all times, you might try this instead:.
Without a top or left margin defined, they will never overlap in this case. An effective use of white space is important to ensure focus, readability, hierarchy, and understanding. Without padding and margin, good UI design would not be possible. They were never meant to be used interchangeably. Padding and margin have two distinct purposes.
Padding is used for spacing within an element. Margin is used for spacing between elements. Understanding these differences, as well as the quirks that come along with them will help you understand when to use padding vs margin. If you enjoyed this guide, consider signing up for UXE Weekly. Use margin for spacing between elements. Content, Border, Padding, and Margin Below we have two paragraph tags.
Padding and Border Alter Dimensions. Margin Does Not. Margins Can be Negative. Padding Cannot. If you tried to do this with padding it would not work. Margin Can Be Auto. Padding Cannot Another cool facet of margins is that they can hold a value of auto. This is what that actually looks like compared to the auto value. Skip to content.
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