It is also worth noting that migraine is more common in women than in men, affecting about 28 million U. A headache can be a warning sign of something more serious, such as a stroke or meningitis. A person should always seek medical help if a headache develops after they sustain a blow to the head. A severe headache requires immediate medical attention when it is accompanied by any of the following :. According to the diagnostic guidelines of The International Classification of Headache Disorders , doctors can diagnose ice pick headaches or PSH under the following conditions:.
There is no specific diagnostic test for ice pick headaches. To make a diagnosis, a doctor may need to rule out a few conditions with similar symptoms. These conditions include the following. This is a rare form of headache that tends to appear in adulthood.
People experience symptoms, such as severe throbbing and pain, that usually only affect one side of the face. This pain is typically around or behind the eye but occasionally at the back of the neck. Episodes can occur five to 40 times per day and last for 2—30 minutes.
Paroxysmal hemicranias occur more often in women than in men. This is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal, or fifth, cranial nerve, which is one of the most widely distributed nerves in the head. Symptoms include infrequent, sudden burning or shock-like facial pain that can last from a few seconds to 2 minutes.
The episodes can occur in quick succession for up to 2 hours. Learn more about trigeminal neuralgia here. This rare headache disorder involves the occipital nerves. These two pairs of nerves start near the second and third bones at the top of the spine. People generally experience pain that starts at the base of the skull, close to the nape of the neck. The pain can then spread to the area behind the eyes and to the back, front, and side of the head. Symptoms may include continuous aching, burning, throbbing, and intermittent shocking or shooting pain.
Some people even describe the pain as similar to that of a migraine headache or a cluster headache. Learn more about occipital neuralgia here.
Treating an ice pick headache can be difficult. Since the pain is so brief, medications such as pain relievers do not often help. These headaches can occur once or several times per day, at regular intervals, but they never last long. However, people who experience many painful episodes may want to try some of the available treatment options. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can be successful in treating ice pick headaches.
Other drug options include gabapentin , cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, and melatonin. Melatonin is available to purchase online here. Treatment: Can resolve on its own within several months. Other cases persist and are more refractory. Prevention: Does not respond to traditional options, but anti-seizure medications, Topamax, or Neurontine can be used.
Symptoms: Localized or generalized pain, can mimic migraine or tension-type headache symptoms. Headaches usually occur on a daily basis and are frequently resistant to treatment.
Precipitating Factors: Pain can occur after relatively minor traumas, but the cause of the pain often difficult to diagnose.
Treatment: Possible treatment by the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, propranolol, or biofeedback. Symptoms: Gnawing pain over the nasal area, often increasing in severity throughout the day.
Pain is caused by acute infection, usually with fever, producing blockage of sinus ducts, and preventing normal drainage. Sinus headaches are rare. Migraine and cluster headaches are often misdiagnosed as sinus in origin. Precipitating Factors: Infection, nasal polyps, anatomical deformities, such as deviated septum that blocks the sinus ducts. Treatment: Treat with antibiotics, decongestants, surgical drainage, if necessary.
It is an infrequent cause of headache. Precipitating Factors: Caused by malocclusion poor bite , stress, and jaw clenching. Treatment: Relaxation, biofeedback, and the use of a bite plate are the most common treatments. In extreme cases, the correction of malocclusion may be necessary. Symptoms: Dull, non-throbbing pain, frequently bilateral, associated with tightness of scalp or neck. The degree of severity remains constant. Treatment: Rest; aspirin; acetaminophen; ibuprofen; naproxen sodium; combinations of analgesics with caffeine; ice packs; muscle relaxants; antidepressants, if appropriate; biofeedback; psychotherapy; temporary use of stronger prescription analgesics, if necessary.
Prevention: Avoidance of stress; use of biofeedback; relaxation techniques; or antidepressant medication. Symptoms: Short, jab like pain in trigger areas found in the face around the mouth or jaw; frequency and longevity of pain varies.
It is a relatively rare disease of the neural impulses and is more common in women after age Precipitating Factors: Cause unknown, pain from chewing, cold air, touching the face.
If under age 55, may result from neurological diseases, such as MS. Symptoms: Sudden and severe pain that may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, fever, seizure speech problems, weakness, confusion, visual disturbances. Precipitating Factors: Thunderclap Headache may be due to a benign syndrome or a potentially life-threatening condition. Treatment: Since the nature of the headache by itself cannot allow the distinction between benign and serious causes, it is essential to seek out an emergency medical evaluation if the onset of a headache is sudden and severe.
Symptoms: Pain progressively worsens; projectile vomiting; possible visual disturbances speech or personality changes; problems with equilibrium; gait, or coordination; seizures. It is an extremely rare condition. Treatment: If discovered early, treat with surgery or newer radiological methods. The Complete Headache Chart.
Allergy Headache Symptoms: Generalized headache; nasal congestion; watery eyes Precipitating Factors: Seasonal allergens, such as pollen, molds. Treatment: Antihistamine medication; topical, nasal cortisone-related sprays; or desensitization injections Prevention: None Learn more about the relationship between allergies and headaches.
Aneurysm Symptoms: May mimic frequent migraine or cluster headaches, caused by balloon-like weakness or bulge in the blood vessel wall. Precipitating Factors: Congenital tendency; extreme hypertension Treatment: If an aneurysm is discovered early, treat with surgery.
Prevention: Keep blood pressure under control. Caffeine-Withdrawal Headache Symptoms: Throbbing headache caused by rebound dilation of the blood vessels, occurring multiple days after consumption of large quantities of caffeine.
Precipitating Factors: Caffeine Treatment: Treat by terminating caffeine consumption in extreme cases. Prevention: Avoiding excess use of caffeine. Cervicogenic Headache Symptoms: Pain on one side of the head or face, stiff neck, pain around the eyes, neck, shoulder, and arms, nausea, blurred vision, sensitivity to light and sound. Precipitating Factors: Injury to the neck, malformations of the cervical vertebrae, arthritis of the upper spine Treatment: Treatment varies depending on the severity of symptoms, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories aspirin or ibuprofen , nerve blocks, physical therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TENS , neuromodulation surgery Prevention: Without treatment, a cervicogenic headache can become debilitating.
Chronic Daily Headache Symptoms: Refers to a broad range of headache disorders occurring more than 15 days a month; two categories are determined by the duration of the headache less than four hours and more than four hours. Chronic Migraine Symptoms: Headache occurring more than 15 days a month, for more than 3 months, which has the features of migraine headache on at least 8 days per month.
Cluster Headache Symptoms: Excruciating pain in the vicinity of the eye; tearing of the eye; nose congestion; and flushing of the face. Precipitating Factors: Alcoholic beverages; excessive smoking Treatment: Oxygen; ergotamine; sumatriptan; or intranasal application of local anesthetic agent Prevention: Use of steroids; ergotamine; calcium channel blockers; and lithium Depression and Headache Symptoms: People with painful diseases tend to become depressed.
Eyestrain Headache Symptoms: Usually frontal, bilateral pain directly related to eyestrain. Prevention: Alternative forms of exercise; avoid jarring exercises Fasting Headache Symptoms: Frontal location, with diffuse, non-pulsating pain of milt-to-moderate intensity. Precipitating Factors: Caused by fasting Treatment: Headache should resolve in less than 72 hours after eating Prevention: Eat multiple small meals daily Fever Headache Symptoms: Generalized head pain that develops with fever and is caused by the swelling of the blood vessels of the head.
Precipitating Factors: Caused by infection Treatment: Aspirin; acetaminophen; NSAIDs; antibiotics Prevention: None Giant Cell Arteritis Symptoms: A boring, burning, or jabbing pain caused by inflammation of the temporal arteries; pain, often around the ear, when chewing; weight loss; eyesight problems. Prevention: None Hangover Headache Symptoms: Migraine-like symptoms of throbbing pain and nausea, but it is not localized to one side. Treatment: Liquids including broth ; consumption of fructose honey, tomato juice are a good source Prevention: Drink alcohol only in moderation Headache Attributed to Infection Symptoms: Diffuse, moderate-to-severe pain caused by acute infection, accompanied by fever.
Updated visitor guidelines. You are here Home » Types of Headache. Top of the page. Topic Overview It can be hard for your doctor to tell whether you have migraine headaches, tension headaches, sinus headaches, cluster headaches, or a combination of these types. Common types of headache Type Where the pain is How bad the pain is Things that make it worse Symptoms Migraine Usually on one side of your head with pressure behind one eye Throbbing, pulsating headache that is moderate to severe Pain gets worse with normal physical activity.
Nausea or vomiting Feeling worse around light and noise Runny or stuffy nose can occur along with other symptoms, such as diarrhea and fatigue. May begin at night and wake you from sleep Sinus Around your eyes, cheekbones, forehead, and bridge of the nose Deep and constant headache pain Leaning over, sudden movement, or exercising may make the headache worse.
A fever Green or gray discharge from your nose that lasts more than 7 to 10 days A runny or stuffy nose A feeling of fullness in the ears, or plugged ears Swelling or puffiness in the face Tension On both sides or all over your head Deep, pressing, tightening headache that does not throb or pulse and is mild to moderate Physical activity does not make headache worse.
No nausea or vomiting May be worse around light or noise but not both May last for minutes to several days Cluster On one side of the face, head, or neck; does not switch sides Piercing pain that gets very bad very fast, usually within 5 to 10 minutes Lying down makes it worse.
Watery eyes and small constricted pupils Nasal congestion or runny nose Droopy or swollen eyelids Sweating on the forehead or face May wake you at night. Credits Current as of: August 4, Top of the page Next Section: Related Information. Previous Section: Related Information Top of the page. Current as of: August 4,
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