When is shabbat over 2018

Some Jews end Shabbat 40 minutes after sunset while others wait as long as two hours. How could there be such a wide range?

Compounding the question is the fact that the Talmud itself seems to rule that Shabbat is over even earlier than 40 minutes after sunset. But people nowadays wait much longer than 18 minutes after sunset to end Shabbat. The answer is threefold: First, the time it takes darkness to fall depends on the season and location. The calculation the Talmud gives is only an approximation. And on Motzei Shabbat , we must be even more stringent and wait until three small stars appear close together in the sky, due to the requirement of tosefet Shabbat adding extra time to Shabbat; see ibid.

Most of us nowadays are not adept at identifying the required stars at all — either because we do not know how or because light pollution from electric illumination obscures them. The time given in the calendar is based on an astronomical calculation: One ascertains how far the sun must descend below the horizon to produce a level of darkness sufficient to view the requisite stars. Most contemporary calendars and zemanim apps adopt the calculation of Rabbi Yechiel M.

In New York, the sun attains a depression angle of 8. Unfortunately, for many years, many 20 th -century American calendars gave an oversimplified time for the close of Shabbat. But now that the accurate calculation of 8. Shavuot means "weeks" as Torah was given 7 weeks after the Exodus from Egypt. The first harvest was brought to the Temple on Shavuot.

Av 9 - Fast of the Ninth of Av in the Hebrew calendar commemorates the destruction of the first and second Temples the first by the Babylonians in B.

The expulsion of Jews from Spain in also falls on this date. The Rosh Hashanah seder can mix tradition, modern relevance, and lots of fun. On the brink of Shavuot, Rabbi Vivie Mayer shares insights into the concept of multiple intelligences as it applies to receiving Torah. The Talmud tells us that God created repentance teshuvah before creating the physical world. This video explores the twin themes of teshuvah and gratitude hakarat hato v. Our tradition offers us practices that cultivate self-reflection and humility, relationship and repair.

We hope these words offer some comfort and guidance as you undergo your own process of teshuvah and, in meaningful relationships with others, make Godliness present in the world.

In this Rosh Hashanah video message, Rabbi Deborah Waxman, president of Reconstructing Judaism, explores the ways in which remembering the past is crucial to moving forward into a sweet New Year. At Rosh Hashanah, as we turn to new beginnings, we seek to repent—to do teshuvah —for what we have done wrong. And we can also affirmatively foster ourselves toward resilience—toward a thriving, loving outlook in spite of whatever challenges we encounter in life. In this video, I explore themes of resilience embedded into Jewish practice.

To love the stranger represents an outrageous leap out of the typical moral economy, in which we do kindnesses and expect to be repaid in kind. In loving the stranger, we transcend self-interest. Phone Email Click here to contact us. Skip to main content. Affiliated Sites. In New York, this is at most 51 minutes after sunset. Many individuals and communities keep Shabbat even longer, which is certainly a commendable custom.

You must be logged in to post a comment. When is Shabbat Over? However, many authorities maintain that nightfall is at an identical time according to both R. Yehuda and R. See Rabbi Chaim P. Benish, Ha-Zemanim Ba-Halakha, chapter 40, paragraphs In fact, waiting a few minutes after 8. I heard from Rabbi Emanuel Gettinger that in New York, it is proper to refrain from performing forbidden labor until one hour after sunset.

In many current and former Jewish communities, such as London and Vilna, the sun does not descend to this level at all in the summer cf. Furthermore, if nightfall according to Rabbenu Tam is actually 90 or minutes after sunset, this time is past absolute darkness astronomical twilight in Jerusalem at the equinox. All stars have already appeared by that time! This is the opposite of astronomical reality, which is that it takes longer to become dark in the winter than at the equinox.

In northerly places such as England, 8. See also the literature cited in Ha-Zemanim Ba-Halakha chapter 42 paragraph Everywhere that Shulhan Arukh mentions tzeit ha-kokhavim , he simply states that it is when three stars appear see O. Yaakov Hoffman. Previous: Happy New Year.

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